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Solutions that Work
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The Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-41), signed into law on July 29, 2005, was enacted in response to growing concern about patient safety in the United States and the Institute of Medicine's 1999 report, To Err is Human: Building a Safer Health System. The goal of the Act is to improve patient safety by encouraging voluntary and confidential reporting of events that adversely affect patients.
CRM was implemented in response to a 1979 NASA study, which revealed that 70% of airline accidents were caused by poor communication and a lack of teamwork between pilots and flight crew. As a result, the commercial airline industry implemented mandatory training for pilots and crews designed to improve competency in areas such as situational awareness, communications, problem solving, decision-making, and teamwork.
"No problem can be solved from the same level on consciousness that created it"
- Albert Einstein
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